Freud and Psychoanalysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Freud and Psychoanalysis - Research Paper Example ace-time matrix of the Freudian dream clearly reflects that mind is the part of human being in which body is the spatial restriction and limitation of human mind. Obviously mind can go beyond this limitation through his capability of imagination. In the book, â€Å"Studies on Hysteria† Freud and Breuer (1893) recognize the physicality and bodily experience as a contribution to the development of personality. But this approach of Freud and Breuer (1893) to body and mind, though it resembles to that of Damasio’s (1992), differs from the neurobiological approach on the ground that though both mind and personality are shaped by bodily feeling, Freud and Breuer’s (1895; 1895) concept of mind does not acknowledge the role of the organic function of human brain to the development of mind. According to them the physical feelings like trauma are stored in human mind first in the form of memory of a foreign entity and then in the form of an agent that determines his future functions of body and mind. Freud’s theory of personality primarily evolves from his approach to the concept of mind. As a theorist, Freud (1916) crucially depends on the structural existence of human mind that is more or less detached from physiological existence of human being. Irrespective of the relationship of mind with human body, the physical existence, Freud’s â€Å"mind† closely follows a structural pattern that effectively explains the different questions -regarding the relationship of mind with various behavioral pattern of a person- of the psychoanalysts of his age. In comparison with the German Philosopher Mauss’s collective notion of â€Å"person† which changes from time to time and society to society, Freud’s concept of ‘person’ appears to be an intact one that is supposed to function universally (Ziegler, 2002, p. 81). But Freud’s theory of personality that exclusively revolves around a person’s body apparently fails to explai n the relationship between body and mind that

Cultural Background and Its Effect on American Indian Authors Essay

Cultural Background and Its Effect on American Indian Authors - Essay Example American Indian Authors 1. Alexie The American Indian author Alexie Sherman was conceived in a small town, in Wellpinit, Washington. His year of birth was in 1966. He has received innumerable awards for his legendary work and printed a miscellany of poems. Alexie has written and critically analyzed the influence of cultural themes impacts to the society. He profoundly supported the efforts the Indian Americans put to improve their social status in America. Alexie in one of his poems seriously criticized the racial behavior of the American forks towards the Indian Americans. His perception was that the Mexicans who were from the Indian American descent had every right to reside in America. The Americans in the state of Arizona thrived in pushing the Mexicans to migrate from their considered territory. He considers his banishment He considers his together with the other Indian banishment from Arizona to be racially and politically instigated, since the laws were in support of the racis ts move. The officials themselves were the ones encouraging racism with the laws they were enacting (McClinton-Temple & Alan, 151). Alexie has diverse views concerning cultural interpretation. In his perceptions, individuals should not negatively view others due to the disabilities resulting from natural causes. In his novel The Absolute True Diary of a Part Time Indian he states the difficulties experienced by physically challenged individuals in adapting to life, and meeting the societal expectations. He views cultural awareness of the society to be unfair in judging the physical disabilities of individuals. The book narrates the example of Arnold who is ill-treated by others for his physical disabilities which he had, as a result, of the surgery he experienced to get rid of the excess fluid that was in his brain. Secondly, Alexie tells that cultural experience demands that their kin members have the responsibility of rescuing other tribal members from what he considered to be cul tural preservation were the only way of ensuring that moral developments did not impede the social set up of the minority communities. He acknowledges that at times cultural perceptions could be dangerous as it may twist to be an obstruction to ones freedom (McClinton-Temple & Alan, 88). Alexie uses the style of pulp-fiction to illustrate the social issues prevalent in the modern and ancient societies. He depicts the social issues in his book Indian Killer. The book brings out his views on racism when he majors the story around an Indian John Smith adopted by white parents. The book points out the racist nature of the whites towards the Indian culture. The behavior of John’s foster family is a perfect example of discrimination that characterizes the white’s environment. Alexie cultural perception regarding assimilation to other cultures is that it may result to rejection, since the individuals from the native’s background will rejects the assimilated person. He believes that materialism in America has been denied to the Native Americans. The American Indians were separated into numerous groups away from the European contact. Alexie’s Influence into Writing Alexie was influenced by the urge to sell the Indian culture abroad, and also to lay out a perfect example for the young Indian youths. He wanted to teach the whites of the Indian moral and social obligations. He was also motivated by the need to find answers regarding the cultural percepti